CuraScript SD - Identifying Aplastic Anemia

Identifying Aplastic Anemia

Posted Wednesday, June 19, 2024

Did you know? Each year, 300 to 900 people in the U.S. receive an aplastic anemia diagnosis.

Aplastic anemia typically affects people ages 15 to 25 and age 60 and older.

01 | Introduction

Aplastic anemia is a rare but serious blood disorder that occurs when your bone marrow cannot produce enough new blood cells and platelets for the body to work normally. This condition leaves people fatigued and increases the risk of serious infections, uncontrolled bleeding, and heart issues.

02 | Causes

Aplastic anemia is caused by damage to stem cells inside the bone marrow. This typically occurs when the immune system attacks the stem cells, resulting in reduced blood cell production. Other factors that can injure bone marrow are:

Radiation and chemotherapy treatments
History of autoimmune diseases
A viral infection (Hepatitis, Epstein-Barr, HIV)
Pregnancy
Inherited gene changes
Exposure to toxic chemicals

03 | Symptoms

Aplastic anemia symptoms typically develop over a few weeks or months, so changes might not be noticeable right away. Symptoms may include:

Frequent viral infections lasting longer than usual
Fatigue
Bleeding or bruising more easily
Shortness of breath
Dizziness or headache
Fever
Pale skin
Nosebleeds or bleeding gums
Prolonged bleeding from cuts

04 | Treatments

Treatment depends on the age of the patient and the severity of the conditions. Severe aplastic anemia, where blood cell counts are extremely low, requires immediate hospitalization. Treatment options can involve: