An estimated 20% of the US population suffers from GERD.
01 | Introduction
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition in which stomach acid continually flows up into the esophagus, causing discomfort. GERD differs from occasional acid reflux in that it is a long-term condition that can lead to additional complications if it is not treated. It is caused by a weak or malfunctioning lower esophageal sphincter that opens at random. This allows acid to move upward from the stomach into the esophagus. GERD is found in people of all ages and can be detected via certain gastrointestinal tests.
02 | Signs and Symptoms
The most common symptom of GERD is heartburn. However, there are other symptoms associated with the disease, such as:
If it is left untreated, GERD can cause severe damage to the esophagus, leading to conditions including esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus and respiratory problems (e.g. laryngitis and pneumonia).
03 | Risk Factors
GERD can occur in people of all ages, and at times without clear causation, but there are certain conditions that may increase the risk of developing GERD. These include:
04 | Treatments
Both lifestyle changes and medication can help combat the symptoms of GERD. Adjusting diet to avoid certain foods and drinks that trigger acid reflux (e.g. greasy foods, citrus fruits and alcohol) is the first line of defense against GERD. If conditions persist, acid-blocking medications (antacids, H2RAs and proton pump inhibitors) are often recommended as they reduce stomach acid, therefore decreasing the frequency of reflux. In cases of severe GERD, surgery may be needed to bring relief to patients.
Learn More
For more information on gastroesophageal reflux disease and supportive resources, please visit www.gastro.org.
References
https://gialliance.com/what-are-the-signs-and-symptoms-of-gerd/
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gerd/symptoms-causes/syc-20361940
